Antibiotics are used for disease therapeutic or preventative effects in humans and animals, as well as for enhanced feed conversion efficiency in livestock.Antibiotics can also cause undesirable effects in microbial populations, including selection for antibiotic resistance, enhanced pathogen invasion, and stimulation of horizontal gene transfer.Ca
Memories are dynamic physical phenomena with psychometric forms as well as characteristic timescales.Most of our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying the neurophysiology of memory, however, derives from one-trial learning paradigms that, while powerful, do not fully embody the gradual, representational, and statistical aspects of cum
The evaluation of the response to vaccination in patients with inborn errors apunisw2 of immunity is a tool to evaluate T-dependent and T-independent antibody residual function of B lymphocytes and it is part of the diagnostic definition for Common Variable Immune Deficiencies.Currently used classifications for Common Variable Immune Deficiencies p
Motion control of robots is a high-dimensional, nonlinear control problem that is often difficult to handle using traditional dynamical path planning means.Reinforcement learning is currently an effective means to solve robot motion control problems, but reinforcement learning has disadvantages such as high number of trials and errors and sparse re